高中英语语法系统讲解之十
名词性从句
一. 名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。其引导词有从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。从属连词that、 if(whether)。that无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略;if(whether)虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分。连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语或定语。连接副词when,where,why,how有词义,在从句中担任成分(状语)。
Whether he will come out (主语从句) is unknown
It is unknown whether he will come out or not (主语从句)
I don’t know whether he will come out (宾语从句)
The question is whether he will come out (表语从句)
The question whether he will come out or not is not settled(同位语从句).
1. 主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
1由从属连词引导:如That the earth turns around the sun is known to all.
Whether it is true remains a question.
It’s not sure if he will succeed.
易错误区:if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾,而whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句尾。