1.不定式作状语
不定式作状语通常表示:(1)原因(多用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后);(2)目的(可用so as to/in order to替换,但so as to一般不可置于句首);(3)结果(常表出乎意料的结果,常为only to do)。
①We wer e very excited to hear the news.(原因)
②To get there on time I got up very early.(目的)
③He rushed to school only to find there was nobody there.(结果)
2.现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别
(1)现在分词作状语时,现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。
Not knowing what to do,he went to his parents for help.
由于不知怎么办才好,他去找他父母帮忙。
(2)过去分词作状语时,过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
Given more attention,the trees could have grown better.
如果对这些树多关心一些,它们本来会长得更好。