语法专题八 倒装句
谓语动词放在主语之前的语法现象称为倒装。倒装可分为完全倒装和部分倒装两种。完全倒装是指整个谓语置于主语之前,而部分倒装是指将助动词、情态动词或be动词等置于主语之前。
考点一 完全倒装
1.表示方位的副词(如:there,here,up,down,out,in,away等)位于句首,句子谓语是go,come,run等不及物动词,可将谓语动词全部置于主语之前。但主语是人称代词时,不倒装。
There remains the possibility that mistakes have been made.
Here he comes.
2.当句首状语为表示地点的介词短语时,也常常用全部倒装。
South of the city lies a factory.
3.表语置于句首时,倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。
1)形容词+连系动词+主语
Present at the meeting were some experts.
2)过去分词+连系动词+主语
Gone are the days when they walked to work.
3)介词短语+be+主语
Among the goods are flowers,candles and toys.
考点二 部分倒装
1.句子以never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely等否定意义的副词以及by no means,not until,not a word,not a single,on no condition,in no case等否定意义的词组开头,要用部分倒装语序。
Never will he come back to the factory.
In no case will he give it up.
2.当句子用so,nor,neither开头,说明前面一句话中的情况也适用于另外一些人或物时,主语和谓