Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2023·河南省TOP二十名校调研)
New discoveries and technological breakthroughs are made every year.Yet, as the information industry moves forward, many people in society are looking back to their roots in terms of the way they eat.A “locavore” movement has emerged in the United States.The movement supports eating foods grown locally and sustainably, rather than prepackaged foods shipped from other parts of the world.
Experts hold that eating local has many merits, and is expected to become a trend featuring sustainability.Erin Barnett is the director of Local Harvest, a company that aims to help connect people to farms in their area.By eating local, she argues, people have a better and more personal understanding of the impact their food consumption has on the rest of the world.“There is a way of connecting the point, where eating locally is an act that raises our awareness of sustainable living，” Barnett says.
The United States’ agricultural output is one of the highest in the world, says Timothy Beach, a professor of geography and geoscience at the University of Texas in Austin, Texas.“There's just no other place on Earth where the amount of input is so productive，” Beach says of American agriculture.“Nobody can cut off the food we need.”
However, the US food system is not sustainable because of its dependency on fossil(化石) fuels, says Beach.Equipment used on “extremely productive”， farms is quickly consuming Earth's natural resources, particularly oil.Additionally, the production of agricultural supplements(补充剂), such as fertilizer, uses large amounts of energy.
The world has used close to half of the global oil supply, Beach says, and the second half will be consumed at an even faster rate because of growing population and economic development.Although many businesses are experimenting with wind, solar, and biofuel, Beach says there's nothing that we see on the horizon that can replace it.“There is no way on Earth we are using fossil fuels sustainably.Then we have to reconsider the impact of eating local，” he says.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。随着信息产业的发展，美国却兴起了“土食者”运动，该运动支持食用在本土以可持续方式种植的食物，从而提高人们对可持续生活的意识。
1．What does the underlined word “merits” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？ B
A．Aspects. B．Advantages.
C．Challenges. D．Explanations.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“By eating local, she argues, people have a better and more personal understanding of the impact their food consumption has on the rest of the world.(她认为，通过食用本地食品，人们对自己的食品消费对世界其他地区的影响有了更好、更深刻的了解。)”和“There is a way of connecting the point, where eating locally is an act that raises our awareness of sustainable living(有一种方法可以将这一点联系起来，在这一点中本地饮食是一种提高我们可持续生活意识的行为)”可知，食用本地食品可以让人们更好地了解自己的食品消费所带来的影响，还能够帮助提高人们对可持续生活的意识，由此可推测出，食用本地食品有许多好处。merit意为“优点”，与B项“好处”意思最为接近。故选B。
2．What's the weakness of the agriculture in the United States？ A
A．It consumes too many natural resources.
B．It has a relatively low agricultural output.
C．Large equipment is not widely employed.
D．Agricultural supplements aren't available.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Equipment used on ‘extremely productive’ farms is quickly consuming Earth's natural resources, particularly oil.(在‘极其高产的’农场上所使用的设备正在迅速消耗地球的自然资源，特别是石油。)”可知，美国的农业的弱点是消耗了太多自然资源。故选A。
3．What's Beach's view on natural resources？ A
A．Dependency on oil is and will be a big issue.
B．People will use less and less oil in the future.
C．The use of fossil fuels features sustainability.
D．There are better replacements for fossil fuels.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The world has used close to half of the global oil supply, Beach says, and the second half will be consumed at an even faster rate because of growing population and economic development.Although many businesses are experimenting with wind, solar, and biofuel, Beach says there's nothing that we see on the horizon that can replace it.(Beach说，全世界已经使用了全球近一半的石油供应，而由于人口的增长和经济的发展，下一半的石油将以更快的速度被消费。尽管许多企业都在试验风能、太阳能和生物燃料，但Beach说，我们目前看不到任何东西可以替代它。)”可知，Beach认为全世界已经使用了将近一半的石油，而剩下的石油将消耗得更快，石油并不是可持续的，而且目前还没有能代替它的东西，由此可推测出，随着石油储备降低，依赖石油会成为一个大问题。故选A。
4．What can be a suitable title for the text？ B
A．Scientific Ways to Eat Local
B．Is Eating Local Sustainable?
C．Efforts to Promote Local Foods
D．Are Local Foods Enough?
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了美国兴起了“土食者”运动，该运动支持食用在本土以可持续方式种植的食物，食用本地食品可以提高人们对可持续生活的意识。再结合第二段中的“Experts hold that eating local has many merits, and is expected to become a trend featuring sustainability.(专家们认为，食用本地食品有许多优点，并有望成为一种可持续发展的趋势。)”可知，本文主要围绕食用本地食品和可持续展开，B项“食用本地食品是可持续的吗？”最能概括本文。故选B。
