Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2023·日照市校际联合考试)
Every year from May to July, tens of thousands of Tibetan antelopes from regions in Qinghai, the Tibet autonomous region, and the Xinjiang autonomous region make their way to the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve in Qinghai to give birth.The mothers and newborn Tibetan antelopes make the return trip around August.
This journey is rather tough.More than 90 percent of the female animals give birth every year, but only about 30 percent of the newborns survive.Many of them die on the return journey, unable to withstand the predators(捕食性动物) and diseases.The government has adopted some high-tech methods to assist in the safe return of newborn antelopes and protect the species.
In 2013, with the help of the Beidou Navigation Satellite System, researchers discovered and confirmed the largest Tibetan antelope “birth room” on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and they mapped the migration routes of Tibetan antelopes.Since late 2018, a solar-powered drone has been used to monitor the migration herds.“The solar-powered drone has a long flying time with high-resolution cameras, which gives us a new understanding of many specific routes during the migration of Tibetan antelopes，” said Wu Xiaomin, an expert from the Shaanxi Institute of Zoology.“For example, the nomads(游牧民) put fences on the grassland to protect the grass, but sometimes these hinder the normal activity of the Tibetan antelopes.”
To clear the way for the Tibetan antelopes, the government of Tibet has taken action in recent years to give more protected space to wildlife.They relocate nomads from places at altitudes above 4,800 meters to other places in the region.
Known as“plateau elves”， Tibetan antelopes have adapted to the unique and severe natural conditions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.According to Wu, the Tibetan antelope is recognized as an important indicator species of the natural ecosystem.
The population of Tibetan antelopes has grown.“With a recorded low population of fewer than 20,000 in Qinghai, the number has now reached over 70,000，”said former Qinghai governor Xin Changxing at an event to mark World Environment Day.
语篇导读：藏羚羊是自然生态系统的重要指示物种，为了保护藏羚羊，西藏自治区人民政府近些年来实施保护行动，为这些动物提供了更多保护空间。
1．What can we learn about Tibetan antelopes？ D
A．They travel to Hoh Xil to find partners.
B．Only 30 percent of them give birth every year.
C．Their yearly trip to the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve takes about one month.
D．The newborns are threatened by diseases and predators.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“More than 90...predators(捕食性动物) and diseases.”可知，每年超过90%的雌性藏羚羊会生产，而仅有30%的新生藏羚羊能存活下来，在返回的途中，很多新生藏羚羊因为无法抵御掠食者和疾病而死亡，即新生藏羚羊会受到掠食者和疾病的威胁。故选D。
2．What is the solar-powered drone mainly used for？ C
A．Locating the Tibetan antelope “birth room”．
B．Recording Tibetan antelopes' daily activities.
C．Watching over the migrating Tibetan antelopes.
D．Mapping the migration routes of Tibetan antelopes.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Since late 2018...Shaanxi Institute of Zoology.”可知，自2018年底以来，一架太阳能无人机已被用于监测迁徙的藏羚羊群。陕西省动物研究所专家吴晓民说：“这种太阳能无人机配备分辨率高的摄像头，飞行时间长，这让我们对藏羚羊迁徙过程中的许多具体路线有了新的了解。”由此可知，太阳能无人机主要用于监测迁徙的藏羚羊群。故选C。
3．What does the underlined word “hinder” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？ B
A．Pay attention to. B．Cause trouble for.
C．Take control of. D．Play an important role in.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词前举的例子“For example, the nomads(游牧民)．..protect the grass”可知， 游牧民在草原上设置栅栏来保护草地。再根据第四段的“To clear the way...protected space to wildlife.”可知，为了给藏羚羊扫清道路，西藏自治区人民政府近年来采取行动，给野生动物更多保护空间。由此可知，游牧民设置的保护草地的栅栏成了藏羚羊正常活动的障碍，所以该政府采取行动来给藏羚羊扫清障碍。故画线词指“妨碍，阻碍”。故选B。
4．How does the government protect Tibetan antelopes？ A
A．By expanding the area of reserve.
B．By driving away their predators.
C．By encouraging nomads to protect them.
D．By relocating them to a protected place.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，为了给藏羚羊扫清道路，西藏自治区人民政府近年来采取行动，给野生动物更多保护空间。他们将游牧民从海拔4 800米以上的地方迁移到该地区的其他地方。由此可知，为了保护藏羚羊，该政府为藏羚羊提供了更多保护空间，即扩大了保护区的范围。故选A。
