Ⅰ.完形填空
(2022·河南省六市联考)
As she pulled herself over the summit of El Capitan, Emily Harrington knew she had made history. The 34-year-old completed the__1.B__ task in 21 hours, 13 minutes and 51 seconds, becoming the first US woman to free __2.A__ the difficult Golden Gate route. Since she started climbing as a 10-year-old, El Capitan has __3.C__ Harrington. She’s spent numerous hours practicing to become accustomed to climbing it. Free climbers use just their hands and feet to climb, with a __4.B__ to catch them if they fall. Such a high risky and potentially life-threatening challenge requires years of preparation, both __5.B__ and physically.
However, an attempt last year ended in disaster after Harrington hit her head on a rock, and suffered concussion(脑震荡).__6.D__,she did not suffer any long-term injuries.
It’s absolutely a mental __7.C__ to return this year and try again. Harrington was pushed to her limits when she fell, her hands __8.B__ when at approximately 2,800 feet off the ground. It felt like a __9.C__ fall, for the rope was going to catch her. But she felt the wetness of blood pouring down her face. She realized that she had hit her head __10.A__.
The __11.D__ on her head was deep and it seemed as though the challenge would have to be __12.B__ again. But, this time she hadn’t suffered concussion. Stopping the blood flow and determined not to let another fall __13.A__ her dream, Harrington had one more go.
“We should be less afraid to be afraid. It’s a very valid emotion we shouldn’t __14.A__ from. In many ways,we can use it as fuel and strength.”
Harrington is currently staying put during the pandemic, hoping to be __15.D__ climbing around the world when it’s safe. More dangerous trips come after a lot of thought.
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了一位34岁的女性用21小时13分51秒完成了这项艰巨的任务,爬上卡皮坦山顶,成为第一位自由攀登艰难金门路线的美国女性。
1.A.easy B.huge
C.rigid D.urgent
解析:考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这位34岁的女性以21小时13分51秒的时间完成了这项艰巨的任务。 easy容易的; huge巨大的; rigid僵硬的; urgent急迫的。根据“she pulled herself over the summit of El Capitan”可知,这位34岁的女性以21小时13分51秒的时间完成了这项艰巨的任务。故选B。
2.A.climb B.visit
C.walk D.measure
解析:考查动词词义辨析。句意:成为第一位自由攀登艰难金门路线的美国女性。 climb爬; visit参观; walk行走; measure测量。根据“she pulled herself over the summit of El Capitan”可知,她成为第一位自由攀登艰难金门路线的美国女性。故选A。
3.A.encouraged B.guided
C.fascinated D.challenged
解析:考查动词词义辨析。句意:自从她10岁开始攀岩以来,El Capitan就让哈灵顿着迷。 encourage鼓励; guide引导; fascinate着迷; challenge挑战。根据“She’s spent numerous hours practicing to become accustomed to climbing it. ”可知,自从她10岁开始攀岩以来,El Capitan就让哈灵顿着迷。故选C。
4.A.chain B.rope
C.companion D.doctor
解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果他们摔落了,绳子会保护他们。 chain链条; rope绳索; companion同伴; doctor医生。根据“__9__fall, for the rope was going to catch her”可知,如果他们摔落了,绳子会保护他们。故选B。
5.A.morally B.mentally
C.naturally D.carefully
解析:考查副词词义辨析。morally道德上; mentally精神上; naturally自然地; carefully仔细地。根据“physically”可知,需要多年的心理和身体准备。故选B。
6.A.Unfortunately B.Unexpectedly
C.Consequently D.Luckily
解析:考查副词词义辨析。句意:幸运的是,她没有受到任何长期的伤害。 unfortunately不幸地; unexpectedly意外地; consequently因此; luckily幸运地。根据“she did not suffer any long-term injuries”可知,幸运的是,她没有受到长期的伤害。故选D。
7.A.campaign B.task
C.struggle D.request
解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:今年回来再试一次绝对是一场精神上的斗争。 campaign活动; task任务; struggle挣扎,斗争; request要求。根据“to return this year and try again”可知,她今年回来再次挑战绝对是一场精神上的斗争。故选C。
8.A.holding B.slipping
C.stretching D.rubbing
解析:考查动词词义辨析。句意:她的手在离地面2 800英尺的地方滑落。 hold保持; slip滑; stretch延伸; rub摩擦。根据“fall, for the rope was going to catch her”可知,她的手在离地面2 800英尺的地方滑落。故选B。
9.A.elegant B.sudden
C.safe D.risky
解析:考查形容词词义辨析。句意:感觉像是安全的坠落,因为绳子会保护她。 elegant优雅的; sudden突然的; safe安全的; risky冒险的。根据“ for the rope was going to catch her”可知,她感觉像是安全的坠落。故选C。
10.A.again B.hard
C.straight D.opposite
解析:考查副词词义辨析。句意:她意识到自己又撞到了头。 again再,又; hard努力,艰难; straight笔直地; opposite相反。根据“an attempt last year ended in disaster after Harrington hit her head on a rock”可知,她意识到自己又撞到了头。故选A。
11.A.feeling B.blood
C.pain D.wound
解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:她头上的伤口很深,似乎又要放弃挑战了。 feeling感觉; blood血; pain疼痛; wound伤。根据 “on her head was deep”可知,她头上的伤口很深。故选D。
12.A.continued B.abandoned
C.experimented D.undertaken
解析:考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。 continue继续;abandon 抛弃,放弃; experiment实验; undertake承担。根据“The __11__ on her head was deep”可知,她似乎又要放弃挑战了。故选B。
13.A.steal B.realize
C.change D.follow
解析:考查动词词义辨析。句意:她决定不让另一次摔倒偷走她的梦想。 steal偷盗; realize意识到; change改变; follow跟随。根据“as though the challenge would have to be __12__again”可知,她决定不让另一次摔倒偷走她的梦想。故选A。
14.A.shy away B.build up
C.turn off D.take down
解析:考查动词短语辨析。句意:这是一种我们不应该回避的非常有效的情绪。 shy away回避; build up建立; turn off关闭; take down取下。根据“In many ways, we can use it as fuel and strength.”可知,这是一种我们不应该回避的非常有效的情绪。故选A。
15.A.down B.on
C.forward D.back
解析:考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她希望在安全的情况下再去攀爬世界各地的高点。 down沮丧,情绪低落; on在进行,在发生; forward向前的,前进的; back过去的,背后的。根据 “her dream, Harrington had one more go”可知,她希望在安全的情况下再去攀爬另一个高点。be back doing sth.回去做某事。故选D。