II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A:
Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. If a word is given, please use its proper form.
As a young child. Ann Makosinski would spend hours experimenting with her toys and other everyday objects around her to create her own inventions.
Now a iirst-year Arts student. Makosinski is a well-known inventor and entrepreneur. She won the 2015 Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence, ____1____ recognizes innovative business solutions to social problems 一 the same recognition given to Barack Obama in 2014. Her own inventions, the Hol lew Flashlight and the c-Drink. have been causing excitement internationally ____2____ their creation.
At the age of 15. Makosinski created a prototype (I京型)ibr a ilashlight ____3____ (power) by the heat of one's hand. This invention was the result of a ninth grade science project, but Makosinski's goal was ____4____ (offer) a practical solution to people with unlimited access to power and electricity.
"I'm hali-Filipino and hali-Polish. and one of my iriends irom the Philippines told me that she tailed school ____5____ she couldn't aitbrd electricity. She had no light to study with at night
so that was kind of the inspiration." Makosinski explained. "I've always been interested in doing science projects, so I thought, why don't I find a way to provide her and a lot of other people with light?"
The Hollow Flashlight is made from Peltier tiles (珀耳贴贴片)that produce energy when one side____6____ (heat) and the other side remains cool. The ilashlight can produce a steady beam of LED light ibr 20 minutes. ____7____ (use) only the warmth of the human hand.
Her advice to other student innovators? "Start now. There ____8____ be nothing holding you back. Some students at colleges or even in high school think 'Oh. I'm a student. I just need to study? ____9____ may think it important to make iriends and be social. The truth is, you can do a lot of other things. You can do _____10_____ you want. Just go ahead."
【答案】1. which
2. since 3. powered
4. to offer
5. because/as
6. is heated
7. using 8. should/can/shall
9. Others 10. whatever
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了艺术系一年级学生Makosinski发明空心手电筒的故事。
【1题详解】
考查非限定性定语从句。句意：她获得了2015年可持续创业卓越奖，该奖项旨在嘉奖解决社会问题的创新商业方案，2014年获得该奖项表彰的是奥巴马。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词the 2015 Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence，指物，并在从句中作主语。故填which。
【2题详解】
考查连词。句意：她自己的发明，空心手电筒和电子饮料，自诞生以来就在国际上引起了轰动。since常与现在完成进行时连用，表示动作从过去一直持续到现在，而且还有可能继续下去。故填since。
【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：15岁时，Makosinski发明了一种手电筒的原型，这种手电筒是由人手的热量驱动的。flashlight与power之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语。故填powered。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这一发明是Makosinski上九年级时一次科学作业的作品，不过她的目标是提出一个切实可行的方案，让人们可以不受限制地获取电能。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处说明主语goal的具体内容，应该用不定式作表语。故填to offer。
【5题详解】
考查连词。句意：我有一半菲律宾血统一半波兰血统，我的一个菲律宾的朋友告诉我，她没能上学是因为她用不起电。根据句意可知前后是因果关系，此处表示原因。故填because/as。
【6题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：空心手电筒是由珀耳贴贴片制成的，当一面加热而另一面保持凉爽时，它就会产生能量。陈述的是客观事实，one side与heat之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is heated。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：空心手电筒只用人手的热量就能发出20分钟稳定的LED光。The flashlight与use之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语。故填using。
【8题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：现在就开始，没有什么能阻挡你。空后是动词原形，此处需要填情态动词，根据句意可知此处表示“能、会、应该”。故填should/can/shall。
【9题详解】
考查代词。句意：一些大学甚至高中的学生认为“哦，我是个学生。我只是需要学习”，另一些人可能认为交朋友和社交很重要。此处与前的some构成some…others的搭配，表示“一些人…另一些人则……”，在句中作主语。句子首字母大写。故填Others。
【10题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：你可以做任何你想做的事情，动手做吧。此处为宾语从句，从句中的want缺少宾语，表示“无论什么、任何”。故填whatever。
