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(外研版)2021-2022年新教材高中Unit5RevealingnatureSectionⅢDevelopingideas检测含解析选择性必修第一册(英语)
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  • 资源类别试题
    资源子类章节测试
  • 教材版本外研版(新教材)
    所属学科高中英语
  • 适用年级高二年级
    适用地区全国通用
  • 文件大小938 K
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  • 更新时间2022/7/2 8:42:31
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A

Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot.When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back.Plants certainly cannot run away, and they lack teeth and claws.But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means.

Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away.For example, the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines () that discourage grass­eating animals.Holly on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches.This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.

Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat.Some grass may contain a sandy materialeating such grass wears down the animals' teeth.

Many plants also have chemical defenses.Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction.Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals.When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger.This messenger sends the roots the information to produce more nicotine.The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.

Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses.A certain plant in China, for instance, has prickly (多刺的) leaves, and each prickle contains poisonous venom (毒液)A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future.

语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的,有些植物采取了物理方法,有些采取了化学方法。

1The leaves of the holly plant have more spines on the lower branches because most animals________.

Aare not tall enough

Blike the lower leaves only

Care not clever enough

Dcan get the lower leaves easily

解析:选D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.可知,冬青树底部叶子上的刺比上部多的原因是动物更容易够到底部的叶子。

2To defend themselves, oak trees use ________.

Achemical means                     Bphysical means

Cbitter chemicals                      Dsandy materials

解析:选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat.可知,橡树的叶子又厚又硬,很难被动物吃掉。所以橡树使用的是物理方法来保护自己。故B项正确。

3How does tobacco protect itself against an attack from a caterpillar?

AIts leaves fight against the attack by physical means.

BIts roots send a messenger to discourage the caterpillar.

CIts roots increase the production of nicotine when it is attacked.

DIts leaves produce poisonous sand to drive the caterpillar away.

解析:选C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger.This messenger sends the roots the information to produce more nicotine.The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.可知,当毛毛虫叮咬烟叶时,烟叶会产生一种化学信使,这个信使会把信息传送到树根以分泌出更多的尼古丁来驱赶毛毛虫。

4What would be the best title for this passage?

APlants and Animals

BHow Plants Defend Themselves

CAttacks and Defenses

DHow Animals Eat Plants' Leaves

解析:选B 标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的,有些植物采取了物理方法,有些采取了化学方法。

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