A
A qualified doctor who rarely practiced but instead devoted his life to writing.He once said，“Medicine is my lawful wife and literature is my lover.”Russian writer Anton Pavlovich Chekhov was a great playwright(剧作家) and one of the masters of the modern short story.
When Chekhov entered the Moscow University Medical School in 1879，he started to publish hundreds of comic short stories to support his family.After he graduated，he wrote regularly for a local daily newspaper.
As a writer he was extremely fast，often producing a short story in an hour or less.Chekhov's medical and science experience can be seen through the indifference many of his characters show to tragic(悲剧的) events.In 1892，he became a fulltime writer and published some of his most memorable stories.
Chekhov often wrote about the sufferings of life in small towns of Russia.Tragic events controlled his characters who were filled with feelings of hopelessness and despair.
It is often said that nothing happens in Chekhov's stories and plays.He made up for this with his exciting technique for developing drama within his characters.Chekhov's works combined the calm attitude of a scientist and doctor with the sensitivity of an artist.
Some of Chekhov's works were translated into Chinese as early as the 1940s.One of his famous stories，“The Man in a Shell ”，about a school teacher's extraordinarily orderly life was selected as a text for Chinese senior students.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了优秀作家Chekhov的写作之路，从最初的医生兼职写作到后来成为了一名全职作家，他给世人留下了许多优秀的作品。
1．Anton Pavlovich Chekhov ．
A．had a lawful lover B．wrote only short stories
C．used to be a lawyer D．was a capable doctor
D [细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中“A qualified doctor who rarely practiced”可知，契诃夫是个合格的医生。故选D项。]
2．In 1880，Chekhov ．
A．became a fulltime writer
B．studied medicine in Moscow University
C．practiced medicine in his hometown
D．published his most memorable stories
B [推理判断题。根据第二段第一句中“When Chekhov entered the Moscow University Medical School in 1879”可知，契诃夫1879年进入莫斯科大学学医，可以推断契诃夫1880年正在大学学医。故选B项。]
3．According to the passage，which of the following words can't be used to describe Chekhov?
A．Sensitive. B．Calm.
C．Quickminded. D．Warmhearted.
D [推理判断题。根据第五段内容“Chekhov's works combined the calm attitude of a scientist and doctor with the sensitivity of an artist.”及第三段“As a writer he was extremely fast，often producing a short story in an hour or less.”由此可知，他是一个沉着冷静且思维敏捷的人，但是没有提到他的热心肠。故选D项。]
4．Which of the following is the right order of the events?
a．became a doctor
b．became a fulltime writer
c．started to publish comic short stories
d．wrote regularly for a local daily newspaper
e．entered the Moscow University Medical School
A．e，c，a，d，b B．d，a，b，c，e
C．e，c，b，a，d D．a，e，c，b，d
A [细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“When Chekhov entered...a local daily newspaper.”可知，当契诃夫于1879年进入莫斯科大学医学院时，他开始出版数百篇喜剧短篇小说来养家糊口。毕业后，他除了做他的医生工作之外还定期为当地一家日报写作。及第三段“In 1892，he became a fulltime writer and published some of his most memorable stories.”1892年，他成为一名全职作家，出版了一些他最难忘的小说。可知，正确顺序应该是：e，c，a，d，b，故选A项。]
