A
When French students go to school，they have to leave one of their most prized possessions at home — their smartphones.French lawmakers passed a law on July 31，2018，banning students 15 and under from bringing smartphones and tablets to school，or at least requiring they be turned off at school.Officials in support of the new rule described the policy as a way to protect children from addictive habits and to safeguard the sanctity of the classroom.
“We know there is a phenomenon of screen addiction，” education minister JeanMichel Blanquer said.“Our main role is to protect students.It is a fundamental role of education，and this law allows it.”
The law，however，makes exceptions for educational use，afterschool activities and for students with disabilities.French high schools can choose to force a lessstrict ban on Internetconnected devices.
Even before the new policy was voted in，French law carried out in 2010 prohibited students from using their phones while class was in session.But during the 2017 French presidential election，Emmanuel Macron promised to force a school ban on phones entirely.
This isn't the first French law designed to beat back the influences of digital technology in everyday life.In 2017 the government passed a law requiring French companies to draft rules that limited work emails and workrelated technology outside the office.Referred to as the “right to disconnect”， French officials said the law aimed to reduce jobrelated stress and prevent employee burnout.
“Employees physically leave the office，but they do not leave their work.They remain attached by a kind of electronic tie，” said Benot Hamon，former French education minister.“The texts，the messages，the emails: they control the life of the individual to the point where he or she eventually breaks down.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了法国政府通过一项法律来禁止15岁以下的学生携带智能手机和平板电脑上学。
1．What's the purpose of the law passed on July 31，2018?
A．To improve the eyesight of school students.
B．To reduce the heavy burden of primary school students.
C．To prevent students from getting addicted to electronic devices.
D．To help students use the mobile phones properly at schools.
C [细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Officials in support of the new rule described the policy as a way to protect children from addictive habits and to safeguard the sanctity of the classroom.”可知，2018年7月31日通过的这部法律的目的是防止学生沉迷于电子设备。故选C。]
2．What can we learn from the text?
A．Disabled students have no ability to use electronic devices.
B．President Macron is in favour of smartphone use in school.
C．The “right to disconnect” aims to help employees with their work.
D．Primary students are facing stricter banning than high school students.
D [推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“French high schools can choose to force a lessstrict ban on Internetconnected devices.”可以判断出，小学生正面临着比高中生更严格的禁令。故选D。]
3．The French government passed a law in 2017 because ________．
A．workrelated technology occupied too much of individual life
B．some officials found it was a waste of time to use digital technology
C．employees had no time to use their electronic devices after work
D．employees had the ability to finish their work entirely in the office
A [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，法国政府在2017年通过了一项法律，因为与工作相关的技术占据了太多的个人生活。故选A。]
4．Which column of a newspaper may the passage come from?
A．Science. B．Law. C．Health. D．Human and society.
D [文章出处题。根据第五段第一句“This isn't the first French law designed to beat back the influences of digital technology in everyday life.”以及文章主要说明了现代数字技术对于学生学习、人们工作所产生的影响，使得政府不得不通过法律手段来限制人们对于现代数字技术的依赖和技术对人们的影响，可推知文章最有可能摘自报纸的 “人类与社会” 栏目。故选D。]
