1.限定词包括冠词(a/an/the)、指示代词(this/that/these/those等)、物主代词(my/your/his/her/our/their等)、不定代词(some/no/neither/both等)和数词(one/two/first/second等)。
2.多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为: 限定词——数词——描绘词——出处——材料性质——类别——名词。
如:a small round table/a tall gray building/a dirty old brown shirt/a famous German medical school/an expensive Japanese sports car
①There are some red roses on the small table.
在那张小桌上有一些红玫瑰。
(名词短语some red roses的构成形式为:限定词+形容词+名词,在句中作主语;另外, the small table也是名词短语,在句中作介词on的宾语)
②I have three close friends.
我有三个要好的朋友。
(名词短语three close friends的构成形式为:限定词+形容词+名词,在句中作have的宾语)
③He is my best friend.
他是我最好的朋友。
(名词短语my best friend的构成形式为:限定词+形容词+名词,在句中作is的表语)
探究点2:形容词短语(Adjective Phrase或AdjP)
形容词短语,是指一个以形容词为中心构成的短语,在句子中的功能相当于形容词,可以修饰名词或代词,还可以用作表语或者宾语补足语。常见形容词短语的构成形式有:
(1)副词+形容词,如very suitable
(2)形容词+副词,如good enough
(3)形容词+介词短语,如good for nothing
(4)副词+形容词+介词短语,如well worthy of praise
①Your room is large and beautiful.你的房间大且美丽。
(形容词短语large and beautiful 的构成形式为:形容词+and+形容词,该短语在句中作表语)
②The most beautiful bird I have ever seen is the peacock.我见过的最漂亮的鸟是孔雀。
(形容词短语most beautiful的构成形式为:副词+形容词,该短语在句中作定语修饰名词bird)
③A good friend is someone who makes you really happy.好朋友就是能让你真正高兴的人。
(形容词短语really happy的构成形式为:副词+形容词,该短语在句中作宾语补足语)
④Cold and hungry, he stopped working and went home.又冷又饿,他停止工作回家了。(形容词短语cold and hungry的构成形式为:形容词+and+形容词,该短语在句中作状语)
⑤The little boy is old enough to go to school.这个小男孩已经到了上学的年龄。(形容词短语old enough的构成形式为:形容词+副词, 该短语在句中作表语)
探究点3:副词短语(Adverb Phrase或AdvP)
副词短语,指以一个副词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于副词,可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。副词短语的主要构成形式为“副词+副词”,如much more beautifully。
①He runs extremely fast. 他跑得快极了。(副词短语extremely fast修饰动词runs)
②We are all entirely responsible for our action. 我们所有人要为我们的行为负责。(副词短语all entirely 修饰形容词短语responsible for our action)