完成了审题的过程, 有了具体要点和整体布局后, 就要整合信息点, 让庞杂的内容变得富有逻辑性和层次感。在句与句内在衔接的基础上, 做到段落间的起承转合, 使文章有整体性、连贯性。学会正确使用连接词、衔接句, 能为写作助一臂之力。
I.思维路径1:连接词助力语言连贯
在句与句之间、段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的连接性词语是语言连贯性得以实现的最常用手段。连接性词语归纳如下:
1. 起始关系:to begin with, first of all, as we all know, as is known, as is shown in. . . , according to 等。
As we all know, good learning habits contribute to efficient study.
2. 时间顺序:at the beginning, then, later, finally, at last, in the end, afterwards, since then, after that, immediately, meanwhile等。
At the beginning, I collected all the things scattered in the rooms and put them in place. Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture. After that, I mopped the floor.
3. 条件关系:if, unless, in case(of), as/so long as, on condition that, provided(that)等。
I would be very grateful if you could meet my uncle at the airport.
4. 转折关系:but, yet, however, while, otherwise, on the contrary, nevertheless等。
However, not until the match was over did we realize that we lost it.
5. 因果关系:because, as, since, for, thanks to, due to, as a result of, so, therefore, as a result/consequence等。
Therefore, there is no reason for us to look down upon ordinary jobs.
6. 并列关系:and, or, as well as, not only. . . but also. . . , either. . . or. . . , not. . . but. . . , neither. . . nor. . . 等。
We will have a good time there and I will send you some photos taken there.
7. 递进关系:besides, what’s more, moreover, furthermore, what’s worse, still less, to make matters worse, worse still, more importantly等。
Many of them can hardly look after themselves, still less manage their own lives.
8. 列举事实:such as, for example/instance, take. . . for example, that is to say, as follows, in other words, on the one hand. . . on the other hand. . . , for one thing. . . for another. . . 等。