Ⅰ.阅读理解
In the state of Maryland, a girl was born into slavery (奴隶制) in 1820.Her parents named her Araminta Harriet Ross.She was to become Harriet Tubman.She was one of about one million Africans in slavery in the United States.
From the age of five, Harriet Tubman's owners made her work very hard.First, she cared for the child of the farm owner.Then, she did hard work on large farms.
Although she could not read or write, Tubman learned from her parents to do what was right.Through her whole life, Tubman put herself in danger to help other people.
One such act changed her life when she was 13 years old.Because she helped another slave, her owner threw a piece of metal at her and it hit her on the head.She was badly hurt.For the rest of her life, Tubman's head wound caused problems for her.
When she was about 25 years old, Harriet married a free black man named John Tubman.But she was still a slave.Her life was so difficult that she decided to escape.She travelled for 145 kilometres, and finally crossed into the North.Tubman became a free woman.
But Tubman could not leave her family enslaved in the South.So she travelled back to help them escape as well.Then, she made many trips and guided about 300 slaves to freedom.Tubman also fought bravely in the American Civil War and in 1865 slavery was not allowed in the US.
Harriet Tubman died in 1913.Her memory brings hope to many people—especially to those who fight for justice (正义).She encouraged people to never give up.
“If you want a taste of freedom, keep going.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了美国杰出的黑人废奴主义运动家Harriet Tubman。
1．What do we know about Harriet Tubman?
A．She was born a slave.
B．She was born in Africa.
C．She was taken to the US by a slave trader.
D．She was sold to a farm owner when she was born.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 a girl was born into slavery 可知，Harriet Tubman出生于奴隶家庭，也就意味着她一出生就是奴隶。
2．When she was 13 years old, Tubman ．
A．planned to run away
B．helped a slave escape
C．fought bravely against her owner
D．was seriously wounded in her head
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 when she was 13 years old 和“...her owner threw a piece of metal at her and it hit her on the head.She was badly hurt.”可知，Tubman在13岁的时候，头部受到重创。
3．We can infer from the text that Tubman was ．
A．honest and friendly B．strong and helpful
C．lucky and careful D．clever and polite
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据文中对Tubman事迹的描述可知，作为奴隶的她受到非人的折磨，但她却凭借自己顽强的意志成功摆脱奴隶的身份，并且多次帮助其他奴隶获得自由。由此可知，B项准确概括了Tubman的品质特点。
4．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Africans' Fight for Freedom
B．Harriet Tubman: From Slave to Hero
C．The History of Slavery in the United States
D．The American Civil War: The North Against the South
解析：选B 标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了Harriet Tubman虽然出身奴隶，但她渴望自由，最终逃到美国北方，获得新生。不仅如此，她还帮助无数黑奴奔向自由，成为一名英雄。故B项作标题最贴切。
