A
(2021·金华模拟)
You’ve just finished a heavy meal and are full up. Suddenly, your host announces proudly that he will be serving his “house specialty” dessert, bananas flambe and that he has spent the better part of the afternoon preparing it. Even though you are full and don’t even like bananas, you accept a serving of his dessert and eat it all.
Clearly, biological factors do not fully explain our eating behavior. Social factors, based on societal rules and on what we have learned about appropriate eating behavior, also play an important role. Take, for example, the simple fact that people customarily eat breakfast, lunch and dinner at approximately the same times every day. Because we tend to eat on schedule every day, we feel hungry as the usual hour approaches.
Similarly, we put roughly the same amount of food on our plate every day, even though the amount of exercise we may have had, and consequently our need for energy supply, varies from day to day. We also tend to prefer particular food over others. Rats and dogs may be a delicacy in certain Asian cultures, but few people in Western cultures find them appealing despite their potentially high nutritional value. In sum, cultural influences and our individual habits play important roles in determining when, what, and how much we eat.
Other social factors relate to our eating behavior as well. Some of us head toward the refrigerator after a difficult day, seeking comfort in a scoop of Heath Bar Crunch ice cream. Perhaps when we were children, our parents gave us food when we were upset. Eventually, we may have learned to associate food with comfort. Similarly, we may learn that eating, which focuses our attention on immediate pleasures, provides an escape from unpleasant thoughts. Consequently, we may eat when we feel upset and anxious.
【文章大意】用餐后, 面对主人端来的甜点, 即使你不喜欢吃, 你可能也会吃下去。作者利用举例的方法解释了饮食方面的社会因素。
1. What causes you to accept the host’s dessert offer at the end of the meal?
A. Your hunger. B. The host’s pride.
C. The pleasant taste. D. Social politeness.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段Even though you are full and don’t even like bananas, you accept a serving of his dessert and eat it all和下文出现的social factors可知, 你吃下餐后的甜点是由于社交礼貌。故选D。
2. The author explains the factors in eating mainly by _________.
A. making a comparison
B. using examples
C. analyzing the data
D. undertaking a survey
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章第二段for example和第三段Rats and dogs以及第四段our parents. . . 可知, 作者利用举例的方法解释饮食方面的原因。故选B。
3. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A. Social Factors in Eating.
B. Causes of Hunger.
C. Table Manners at Meals.
D. Cultural Differences in Eating.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段Even though you are full and don’t even like bananas, you accept a serving of his dessert and eat it all和下文出现的social factors和第四段的Other social factors 可知, 文章主要讲述饮食中的社会因素。故选A。
