A
(2020·陕西省部分学校一模)
Thomas Hardy, probably the most searching andknowledgeable novelist of his time, was born on June 2, 1840,in Dorsetshire, England.He died on January 11, 1928.In hisyouth, Hardy read much and dreamt of becoming a poet, but hestudied and practiced architecture as an assistant to a Londonarchitect, winning a prize for design.The fine descriptions ofstructure in his novels were probably somewhat due to hisarchitectural training.
For five years Hardy worked hard to practice writingpoetry, but when he was twentyseven, he turned to fiction.Hisfirst novel finished by 1867, but according to the advice ofGeorge Meredith he decided not to publish it.After heabandoned his first novel, his another novel Desperate Remedies,appeared in 1871.During the next twentyfive years hepublished ten more novels and two collections of short stories.
Under the Greenwood Tree (1872) was never surpassed (超越) in happy and delicate perfection of art.This and his nextnovel, A Pair of Blue Eyes(1873), began to show deep irony(讽刺) which is so obvious throughout Hardy's writings.
Far from the Madding Crowd(1874) was his first popularsuccess.It shows Hardy's amazing power of describing nature assymbolic background for his characters, an organic part of theaction of his story.This was the earliest of what he called hisnovels of character and environment, which included The Returnof the Native, Tess of the d'Urbervilles, his masterpiece, andJude the Obscure.Not until he was fiftyeight years old was hisfirst collection of poems published, and he was sixtyfour whenthe first part of his drama The Dynasts surprised the literaryworld.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作家Thomas Hardy和他的一些作品。
1．How did Thomas Hardy benefit from his architectural career？ D
A．He could practice writing while working.
B．He made a lot of money to support his writing.
C．He found material for his novels and poems.
D．He applied architectural knowledge in his novels.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The fine descriptions of structure in his novels were probably somewhat due to his architectural training.”可知，在他的小说中细腻的结构描述可能得益于他在建筑方面的学习训练，即他把建筑知识应用到了他的小说中。故选D项。
2．What is Thomas Hardy's Under the Greenwood Tree considered to be？ C
A．One of his masterworks.
B．His first popular success.
C．His best novel in perfection of art.
D．One of his best collections of poems.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Under the Greenwood Tree(1872) was never surpassed (超越) in happy and delicate perfection of art.”可知，《绿树林下》在艺术的精致完美方面从未被超越。
3．Which of the following is one of his novels of character and environment？ C
A．Desperate Remedies. B．A Pair of Blue Eyes.
C．Tess of the d'Urbervilles. D．The Dynasts.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“This was the earliest of what he called hisnovels of character and environment, which included The Returnof the Native, Tess of the d'Urbervilles, his masterpiece, andJude the Obscure.”可知，Tess of the d'Urbervilles是性格和环境小说。故选C。
4．What type of writing is this text？ B
A．A novel. B．A biography.
C．A book review. D．A news report.
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了作家Thomas Hardy和他的一些作品，属于人物传记。故选B。
