A
Unhealthy diets are responsible for preventable deaths globally per year, more even than smoking tobacco, according to a major study.
“But the biggest problem is not the junk food we eat but the nutritious food we don’t eat, ” say researchers, calling for a global shift in policy to promote vegetables, fruit, nuts and beans. While sugar and trans-fats are harmful, more deaths are caused by the absence of healthy foods in our diet. Heart attacks are the main diet-related causes of death, followed by cancers and diabetes (糖尿病).
The study found that eating and drinking better could prevent one in five deaths around the world. “Rather than trying to persuade people to cut down on sugar, salt and fat, which has been the main focus of diet policy debate in the past two decades, it would be better to promote healthy options. Adoption of diets emphasizing beans and other healthy plant sources of protein, for instance, will have important benefits for human health, ” note the researchers.
The study is the most comprehensive analysis on the health effects of diet ever conducted. It looked at 15 different nutrients, giving detailed knowledge of the analysis and summary of the risk factors of them.
Tom Sanders, a professor of nutrition and dietetics (饮食学), said the analysis put too much emphasis on individual components rather than the overall diet. “Overweight is a major driver for risk of diabetes as well as cancer and the health evidence for this relationship is strong. Overweight is caused by eating more food energy than required rather than specific dietary components such as sugar. The trend for populations to sit too much is a major reason why there is an imbalance between energy intake and consumption but increased availability of foods with high calories makes it too easy to overeat. ”
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现, 不健康的饮食习惯是各类疾病的诱因, 同时也增加了死亡的风险。建议人们吃健康的营养丰富的食物。
1. What do the researchers think is the best way to lower preventable death rate?
A. Restricting junk food.
B. Trying to eat healthily.
C. Avoiding risk factors.
D. Adopting high-calorie diets.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第一段中的Unhealthy diets are responsible for preventable deaths globally per year第二段中的calling for a global shift in policy to promote vegetables, fruit, nuts and beans和第三段第一句The study found that eating and drinking better could prevent one in five deaths around the world. 可知, 只要做到健康饮食, 就可以降低可预防性的死亡的风险, 故选B。
2. What’s the major concern of the current diet policy?
A. The diversity of food.
B. The importance of nutritious food.
C. The reduction of unhealthy food intake.
D. The balance between diet and exercise.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子Rather than trying to persuade people to cut down on sugar, salt and fat, which has been the main focus of diet policy debate in the past two decades, it would be better to promote healthy options. Adoption of diets emphasizing beans and other healthy plant sources of protein, for instance, will have important benefits for human health. 可知, 与过去二十年的健康饮食策略强调减少糖分、盐和脂肪的摄入不同, 现在的饮食策略则强调营养、健康的食物的摄入。故选B。
3. Which of the following does Tom Sanders agree with?
A. The analysis overlooks dietary integrity.
B. Overweight results from diabetes and cancer.
C. People who rarely exercise must diet strictly.
D. Particular dietary components lead to overweight.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。由最后一段首句Tom Sanders, a professor of nutrition and dietetics, said the analysis put too much emphasis on individual components rather than the overall diet. 可知, 在Tom看来, 研究分析过度强调饮食中各种独立部分的作用, 却未能从整体角度关注饮食, 故选A。
4. Where is the text most likely from?
A. A product brochure.
B. A cookbook.
C. A medical textbook.
D. A health journal.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章第一段Unhealthy diets are responsible for preventable deaths globally per year, more even than smoking tobacco, according to a major study. 再结合全文内容来看, 文章都在就“健康饮食”话题展开。由此可知, 这篇文章可能来源于健康类杂志。故选D。
