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 Will your happiness differ if you are doing a kind action without any expectation of rewards or with an expectation of rewards? A study by University of Sussex, headed by Dr. Daniel Campbell­Meikeljohn, tried to answer that question. He and his partners analyzed over 1,000 brain scans from other studies related to reactions to making a decision based on kindness. They split the studies based on who was making a decision for altruistic (ÎÞ˽µÄ) reasons and who was making a decision due to the expectation of an obvious reward. The results were interesting.

 In both instances, the reward center of the brain lit up on the MRI scans (´Å¹²Õñ³ÉÏñɨÃè). Yet, for those who made their decision without any rewards, other areas of the brain lit up as well. Specifically, it lit up the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (Ç°¿Û´øƤ²ãÇøÓò), which scientists believe plays a role in emotional regulation. Also, it might aid in maintaining excitement related to an event that creates a positive emotional state.

 In one study about the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, it is believed that this brain region could be related to depression if it isn't developed properly or is dysfunctional. The fact that this part of the brain lights up during acts of generosity and caring without expectation of rewards shows that the altruistic individuals are getting more sustainable pleasure than those motivated by rewards. It also could aid in explaining how it helps depressive individuals feel happier after doing a kind deed.

 We live in a society, and no man is a lonely island. We all need each other. For those who genuinely desire to help others regardless of repayment, maintaining a balance of helping others and yourself is very important. It is healthy and necessary to be kind to yourself, as well as to others.

1£®Why did the author think the results interesting?

A£®There are no differences as to the lit­up area of the brain.

B£®The reward center of the brain lit up in one case alone.

C£®The subgenual anterior cingulate cortex makes no difference.

D£®The reward center of the brain lit up in both cases.

2£®What can be learned about the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex?

A£®It might help keep calm.

B£®It may make a difference to controlling emotion.

C£®It can create positive emotion.

D£®It has nothing to do with depression.

3£®What does the author seem to suggest in the last paragraph?

A£®Help others regardless of yourself.

B£®Treat others and yourself with kindness.

C£®For the sake of yourself, lend a hand.

D£®Practise kindness at all costs.