(2019·全国卷Ⅰ·C)
As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量)technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置)that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
It also doesn’t require a new type of technology that people aren’t already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.
In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一种新的科技——智能键盘, 它能给e-space用户带来安全, 而且这项技术也不贵。
1. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?
A. To reduce pressure on keys.
B. To improve accuracy in typing.
C. To replace the password system.
D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段的At present, these technologies are still expensive, though. 和第二段的Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. 可知, 研究者们开发智能键盘是为了降低e-space保护的成本。故选D。
2. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?
A. Computers are much easier to operate.
B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.
C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.
D. Data security measures are guaranteed.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的The keyboard could offer. . . the keyboard can determine people’s identities可知, 由于每个人的打字方式不同, 使得智能键盘能够识别人的身份。故选C。
3. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard?
A. It’ll be environment-friendly.
B. It’ll reach consumers soon.
C. It’ll be made of plastics.
D. It’ll help speed up typing.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的The team hopes to make it to market in the near future. 可知, 研究者们希望智能键盘能早日面世。故选B。
4. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A diary. B. A guidebook.
C. A novel. D. A magazine.
【解析】选D。文章出处题。本文介绍了一种新的科技——智能键盘, 它能给e-space用户带来安全, 由此可知, 本文是一篇关于科技的文章, 结合所给选项可知, 本文可能来自一本杂志。故选D。
捕捉关联信息 明晰作者意图
1. 根据文体类别判断写作目的。广告类文章一般是为了推销; 故事类文体往往通过词汇的感情色彩表达特定的意义; 说明类文体一般是为了普及和推广; 议论文的目的往往是表达一种观点、立场、态度或看法等。
2. 从写作手法上判断作者意图。根据文章的写作手法(比如: 倒叙、设问、举例、比喻、引用、对比等)判断作者的写作意图。
3. 利用语篇标志词判断上下文的逻辑关系(but, yet, so, because, in fact, however等)。
以本文第1题为例, 解题策略如下:
Step 1 根据问题定位关联信息
①these technologies are still expensive, though;
②they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around(deal with) this problem
Step 2 尝试解答: D。
