Ⅰ.阅读理解
You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
Jane Addams (1860—1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson (1907—1964)
If it weren't for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O'Connor (1930—present)
When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the US Supreme Court. O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks (1913—2005)
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civilrights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in，” said Parks.
这是一篇说明文。短文主要介绍了四位伟大又有影响力的女性。
1．What is Jane Addams noted for in history?
A．Her social work.
B．Her community background.
C．Her efforts to win a prize.
D．Her lack of proper training in law.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由Jane Addams中的“Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.”可知，任何曾经得到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams。所以Jane Addams在历史上以她的社会工作而闻名。故A选项正确。
2．What is the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?
A．The poor financial conditions.
B．Her little work experience in court.
C．Her lack of good training in law.
D．The discrimination against women.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由Sandra Day O'Connor中 “she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.”可知，但由于她是女性，她无法在律师事务所找到工作。所以桑德拉·戴·奥康纳被律师事务所拒绝是因为对妇女的歧视。故D选项正确。
3.Who made a great contribution to the civilrights movement in the US?
A．Jane Addams. B．Rachel Carson.
C．Sandra Day O'Connor. D．Ross Parks.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由Rosa Parks中的“...and kicked off the civilrights movement”可知，罗莎·帕克斯因为在公共汽车上拒绝为白人让座而拉开了民权运动的序幕，所以是罗莎·帕克斯对美国民权运动做出了巨大的贡献。故D选项正确。
4．What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?
A．They are pioneers. B．They are truly creative.
C．They are peacelovers. D．They are highly educated.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。由Jane Addams中的“Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.”， Rachel Carson中的“Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.”， Sandra Day O'Connor中的“ She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the US Supreme Court.”和Rosa Parks中的“It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civilrights movement.” 可知，珍妮·亚当斯是第一个获得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性；雷切尔·卡森的作品《寂静的春天》提高了人们对污染的危险性和化学物质对人类和世界湖泊和海洋的危害性的认识；桑德拉·戴·奥康纳是美国首位联邦最高法院女法官；罗莎·帕克斯在公共汽车上拒绝为白人让座，拉开了民权运动的序幕。所以通过短文中提到的几位女性的共性特点可以判断出短文中提到的几位女性都是先锋人物。故A选项正确。
