A
Jane Goodall was born in Bournemouth, England, on April 3, 1934. As a child, she had a natural love for the outdoors and animals. When Jane was about eight she read the Tarzan and Dr. Dolittle series and, in love with Africa, dreamed of traveling to work with the animals.
Finally, at age 23, she left for Nairobi, Kenya. There, Jane met famed Dr. Louis Seymour Bazett Leakey, who offered her a job at the local natural history museum. She worked there for a time before Leakey decided to send her to the Gombe Stream Game Reserve in Tanzania to study wild chimpanzees. He felt her strong interest in animals and nature, and her knowledge as well as high energy made her a great candidate to study the chimpanzees.
In December 1958, Jane returned home to England and Leakey began to make arrangements for the expedition (考察), securing the appropriate permissions from the government and raising funds. In May 1960, Jane learned that Leakey had gained funding from the Wilkie Brothers Foundation.
Jane arrived by boat at the Gombe Stream Game Reserve on the eastern shore of Lake Tanganyika with her mother. The early weeks at Gombe were challenging. Jane developed a fever that delayed the start of her work. Finally, an older chimpanzee named David Greybeard, began to allow Jane to watch him. As a high ranking male of the chimpanzee community, his acceptance meant other group members also allowed Jane to observe. It was David Greybeard whom Jane first witnessed using tools. Excited, she telegraphed Dr. Leakey about her observation. He wrote back, “Now we must redefine ‘tool,’ and ‘man,’ or accept chimpanzees as humans.”
Jane continued to work in the field and, with Leakey’s help, began her doctoral program without an undergraduate degree in 1962. At Cambridge University, she found herself at odds with senior scientists over the methods she used — how she had named the chimpanzees rather than using the more common numbering system, and for suggesting that the chimps have emotions and personalities. She further upset those in power at the university when she wrote her first book, My Friends, the Wild Chimpanzees, aimed at the general public rather than an academic audience. The book was wildly popular, and her academic peers were outraged. Dr. Jane Goodall earned her Ph.D. on February 9, 1966, and continued to work at Gombe for the next twenty years.
1. It can be inferred from the passage that ______ .
A. Jane was the first to discover chimpanzees use tools
B. a journey to Kenya rooted Jane’s deep love for animals
C. Dr. Leakey easily raised funds from the Wilkie Brothers Foundation
D. Jane’s work at the Gombe Stream Game Reserve went along smoothly
2. What is the academic peers’ attitude towards Jane’s first book?
A. Extremely puzzled. B. Genuinely pleased.
C. Really angry. D. Truly sensitive.
3. What does the underlined sentence imply in paragraph 5?
A. Jane’s study of chimpanzees received no support from scientists.
B. Jane’s method inspired more scientists to make further discoveries.
C. Jane’s achievements quickly attracted attention from senior scientists.
D. Senior scientists disagreed with Jane’s method in observing chimpanzees.
4. What message is mainly conveyed in the passage?
A. Passion and hard work can make a difference in scientific research.
B. Cooperation is the key to making significant discoveries.
C. Challenging senior scientists is a must in gaining fame.
D. High energy counts in achieving great success.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A
【解析】
本文是记叙文。讲述了Jane Goodall的学习和生活经历，她是一位灵长类动物学家，她研究野生动物黑猩猩，并取得了重大成就。
1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的It was David Greybeard whom Jane first witnessed using tools.可知，是简第一个发现了黑猩猩使用工具。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的She further upset those in power at the university when she wrote her first book, My Friends, the Wild Chimpanzees, aimed at the general public rather than an academic audience. The book was wildly popular, and her academic peers were outraged.(当她写了她的第一本书《我的朋友，野生黑猩猩》，针对一般公众，而不是学术观众时，她进一步惹恼了大学里的当权者。这本书广受欢迎，她的学术同行们感到愤怒)可推断，学术同伴对于简的第一部书的态度是愤怒，故选C。
【3题详解】
词句猜测题。根据破折号后的解释how she had named the chimpanzees rather than using the more common numbering system, and for suggesting that the chimps have emotions and personalities(她命名黑猩猩的方式，不是使用更常见的编号系统，暗示黑猩猩有情感和个性)可推断，划线句的意思是：她发现自己在使用方法上与高级科学家有分歧。因此暗示着高级科学家不同意简观察黑猩猩的方法。故选D。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了Jane Goodall一生致力于野生动物黑猩猩 研究，教育和保护黑猩猩，并取得重大成就的生平事迹。因此推断激情和辛苦工作对科学研究有重大影响。故选A。
