Something significant is happening to the world population—it is aging. The median(中位数的) age of an American in 1950 __1__ (be) 30—today it is 41 and is expected __2__ (increase) to 42 by 2050. For Japan, the __3__ (number) are more striking—22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65 ; by 2050, it will be one in six.
This aging of the population is driven __4__ two factors. The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large __5__ (compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes __6__ (old) than before. This is __7__ (particular) true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has __8__ very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should __9__ (place) on longevity (长寿). It isn't just that people are, on average, living longer. It's also that they are on average healthier __10__ more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Doctors in hospital emergency rooms often see accidental poisonings (意外中毒). A frightened parent arrives with a child who swallowed the cleaning liquid. Or perhaps the harmful substance is a medicine. Or it might be a chemical product meant to kill insects. These are common causes of accidental poisonings.
In cases like these, look for medical help as soon as possible. Save the container of whatever caused the poisoning. And look on the container for information about anything that stops the effects of the poison. Save anything expelled (排出) from the mouth of the victim. That way, doctors can examine it.
In the past, some people forced poisoning victims to empty the stomach. They used the liquid—syrup of ipecac (吐根糖浆)—to do this. But an organization of children's doctors no longer advises parents to keep syrup of ipecac. The American Academy of Pediatrics says some poisons can cause additional damage when they come back up the throat.
Millions of people know a way to save a person who is choking on something trapped in the throat. The method is commonly known as the Heimlich Maneuver or Abdominal thrusts. The American Red Cross says a rescuer should first hit the person on the back five times between the shoulder bones. These back blows may ease the choking. If the airway is still blocked, the Red Cross suggests pushing hard five times along the victim's abdomen. The abdomen is the area between the chest and the hipbone (髋骨)．
1．Why is the container of the poison required to save?
A．To look for harmful information. B．To learn a lesson.
C．To use it to break the poison. D．To look for medical help.
2．Why are parents advised not to keep syrup of ipecac?
A．To keep the stomach empty. B．To avoid more damage.
C．To keep syrup of ipecac safe. D．To keep the stomach full.
3．What is the author's purpose of writing the last paragraph?
A．To introduce a way to prevent a person from choking.
B．To tell us about the Abdominal thrusts.
C．To explain the reason for choking.
D．To show us where the abdomen is.
4．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Learning the Basics of First Aid B. Accidental Poisonings
C．Common Causes of Accidental Poisonings D．Poisonings and First Aid
