B
You'll be likely to become angry if you don't get a good night's sleep, a new paper reports. Cutting a few hours of sleep out of your schedule isn't as good an idea as it may appear. Researchers at the Iowa State University report that missing sleep will make you angrier, leaving you illequipped to deal with uneasy situations. This is one of the first studies to provide evidence that sleep loss causes anger.
The link between lack (短缺) of sleep and negative moods (anger included) has been proved in past research, but the problem is that we know that the two come together, but not that whether one causes the other. In the current study, Krizan and coauthor Garrett Hisler, an ISU doctoral student, deal with this question.
Under the study, volunteers were divided into two groups. The control group followed their normal sleep routine, while the experimental group cut two to four hours of sleep each night for two nights. On average, the control group got almost seven hours of sleep a night, while the experimental group got about four and a half hours each night.
In order to measure anger, they had volunteers visit the lab before and after the sleep manipulation (操纵). All the while, they were asked to listen to some unpleasant brown and white noise. Krizan says the purpose was to create uncomfortable conditions.
“In general, anger was much higher for those whose sleep was restricted (限制)，” Krizan said. “We manipulated how unpleasant the noise was during the task. As expected, volunteers reported more anger when the noise was more unpleasant. When sleep was restricted, people reported even more anger, regardless of the noise.”
Sleep loss is known to increase negative moods, such as anxiety and sadness, and decrease positive moods, such as happiness and excitement. However, the team says they found that sleep loss uniquely affected anger.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。大家都知道睡眠不足和坏情绪之间有联系，但是之前的研究都没有表明到底是睡眠不足引起了愤怒，还是愤怒引起了睡眠不足。最新的一项研究给出了答案。
5．What did the study mentioned find out?
A．Some disadvantages of sleeping less.
B．Some signs of having poorquality sleep.
C．The link between lack of sleep and negative moods.
D．The causeeffect relationship between sleep loss and anger.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段的“This is one of the first studies to provide evidence that sleep loss causes anger”以及第二段内容可知，文中提到的那个研究是发现了睡眠不足和怒气之间的因果关系。
6．What's the purpose of asking the volunteers to listen to unpleasant noise?
A．To make them angry.
B．To make them awake.
C．To take their attention away.
D．To affect their thinking ability.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第四段的“In order to measure anger”和“Krizan says the purpose was to create uncomfortable conditions.”以及后面的实验结果可推测，这个实验中的噪音主要是想制造一个令人不舒服的环境，激起志愿者们的怒气。
7．From what Krizan said, we know ________.
A．the reasons for the study
B．the findings of the study
C．the process of the study
D．the method used in the study
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。从倒数第二段Krizan说的话中，我们可以知道关于这个研究的一些发现。
