A
“A serious attack on the fantasy story for children comes from those who do not wish children to be frightened.” C．S. Lewis writes in an essay named Three Ways of Writing for Children. Those who say that children must not be frightened mean two things. Firstly, they mean that we mustn't do anything likely to give children fears, and secondly, they want to keep out of their minds that they are born into a world of death, violence (暴力), wounds and evil (邪恶). C．S. Lewis says he agrees with the first reason, but not the second.
He goes on to comment, “Since it is so likely that they will meet cruel (残酷的) enemies, let them at least hear of brave fighters and heroic courage. By limiting your child to perfect and nice stories of child life in which nothing alarming ever happens, they would fail to face fears and hardships.” “It would be nice，” he continues, “if no little boy in bed ever hears a frightening sound. But if he is to be frightened, I think St. George, or any bright champion in armor (盔甲), is a better comfort than the idea of the police.”
Bruno Bettelheim, a wellknown child psychologist, also points out that fantasy stories provide children with a valuable education about good and evil. He believes that all children have many personal fantasies filled with fears and fantasy stories comfort them and offer solutions. Happy endings tell them that solutions and hope are real and model the kind of happy life children want to find.
A good fantasy suggests rather than teaches possible answers to life. It's believed that reading fantasies quickens the ability to get and put ideas from books to reality. It's what good literature does — it makes life larger.
语篇解读：本文作者反驳了一些反对儿童阅读奇幻文学的错误观点，并强调了阅读奇幻文学的必要性。
1．According to the first paragraph, C．S. Lewis thinks that ________.
A．children shouldn't read any fantasy story because it is bad
B．adults shouldn't do things that may frighten their children
C．death and badness should be kept out of children's minds
D．writing a fantasy story is the best way of writing for children
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第一段的“C.S. Lewis says he agrees with the first reason, but not the second.”可知，他同意上面提到的“Firstly, they mean that we mustn't do anything likely to give children fears”由此可知，他认为我们不应该做任何让孩子害怕的事情。故选B。
2．What probably is St. George according to the text?
A．He is a policeman in real life.
B．He is a murderer caught by the police.
C．He is a brave man in a fantasy novel.
D．He is a frightening person in a story.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段的“But if he is to be frightened, I think St. George, or any bright champion in armor (盔甲), is a better comfort than the idea of the police.”可知，St. George不是警察也不是令人害怕的人物，而是可以用来安慰孩子的勇敢的幻想小说中的人物。故选C。
3．Why should children read fantasy literature according to Bruno Bettelheim?
A．Because it encourages children to have a lot of fantasies.
B．Because it helps children overcome fears and find solutions.
C．Because it teaches children to write their own fantasy stories.
D．Because it gives children a happy memory when they grow up.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段的“He believes that all children have many personal fantasies filled with fears and fantasy stories comfort them and offer solutions.”可知选B。
