In most parts of the world a “good night’s sleep” means more or less eight hours without interruption.However，the 1 of an eighthour sleep is fairly recent.
2 ，history textbooks only tend to record memorable events.Sleep is so 3 ，some historians 4 ，they would 8 ，until dawn. their second sleep references to a “first sleep” and a “second sleep” in documents covering several centuries and countries.The first sleep started after sunset and lasted until around midnight.Then people would lie 5 for a while and chat or pray.Some neighbours 6 used to take the opportunity to visit each other between 7 .After a few hours that it isn’t mentioned.However
By the time electric lighting was introduced，the twosleep pattern had 9 ，for most people had lights and could stay up late if they wanted to.It’s a 10 we lost the twosleep habit because being awake for a period at night is beneficial.It 11 the body’s natural energy and sleep rhythms and is the perfect time to 12 the day and to take it easy.
The twosleep habit used to be quite widespread，but it wasn’t 13 .Sleep patterns vary between different cultures.Some cultures don’t have a fixed 14 for sleeping.People sleep for short periods throughout the day or night.
Sleep patterns also vary according to 15 .While older adults and preteens are 16 happy with early mornings，teenagers have a 17 ，parents are always 18 ，it shouldn’t 19 .Getting up late isn’t lazy.Maybe we should 20 what our body clock is telling us and sleep when our body says it’s tired. that teenagers won’t get up in the mornings.Really of staying up late at night and getting up later.In many modern families
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语篇解读 本文是说明文。文章介绍了不同时期和不同地域人们的睡眠类型以及影响睡眠类型的因素。
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1．A.character B．end
C．result D．concept
答案 D
解析 由下一段中介绍的古人每天睡两觉的情况可知，“八小时睡眠”的概念(concept)是最近才有的。
2．A.Naturally B．Finally
C．Hopefully D．Casually
答案 A
解析 史书记载的自然(naturally)是那些值得纪念的事。
3．A.practical B．common
C．important D．complex
答案 B
解析 由上一句及it isn’t mentioned可知，睡觉实在是太普通(common)了，因此没被记载。
4．A.dropped B．preferred
C．understood D．noticed
答案 D
解析 由本句中的However可知，此处与上句形成了转折，说的是一些历史学家注意到(notice)一些文献中提到了“第一次睡眠”和“第二次睡眠”。
5．A.asleep B．alone
C．awake D．angry
答案 C
解析 由chat or pray可知，人们会醒着(awake)躺一会儿。
6．A.even B．seldom
C．still D．only
答案 A
解析 由上下文内容可知，一些邻居们甚至(even)会利用两次睡眠(sleep)间的时间去相互拜访。
7．A.floors B．days
C．matches D．sleeps
答案 D
解析 见上题解析。
8．A.limit B．have
C．check D．lose
答案 B
解析 几小时之后，他们将进行第二次睡眠，一直睡到黎明，故选have。
9．A.developed B．returned
C．disappeared D．existed
答案 C
解析 由下文中的“lost the twosleep habit”可知，随着电灯的出现，一晚睡两觉的这种睡眠方式已经消失了(disappear)。
10．A.pity B．blessing
C．puzzle D．relief
答案 A
解析 由后面的“being awake for a period at night is beneficial”可知，我们放弃这种睡眠方式是一件憾事(pity)。
11．A.evaluates B．follows
C．predicts D．proves
答案 B
解析 每晚两次睡眠遵循(follow)了自然的能量和睡眠节奏，两觉之间醒着的时段是回想(think about)一天生活的最佳时间。
12．A.mix with B．belong to
C．think about D．wait for
答案 C
解析 见上题解析。
13．A.universal B．interesting
C．healthy D．regular
答案 A
解析 由下文中的“Sleep patterns vary between different cultures.”可知，一天睡两觉并非是普遍的(universal)现象。
14．A.place B．name
C．reason D．time
答案 D
解析 由下文中的“People sleep for short periods throughout the day or night.”可知，这些人没有固定的睡觉时间(time)。
15．A.race B．age
C．space D．season
答案 B
解析 由下文描述中提到的older adults，preteens和teenagers可知，此处指人们的睡眠类型由于年龄(age)而不同。
16．A.suddenly B．hardly
C．generally D．gradually
答案 C
解析 年长些的成年人和十一、二岁的孩子一般来说(generally)都喜欢早起。
17．A.fear B．habit
C．chance D．measure
答案 B
解析 由语境可知，此处指青少年有晚睡晚起的习惯(habit)。
18．A.complaining B．persuading
C．hearing D．suspecting
答案 A
解析 由语境可知，家长们总是抱怨(complain)青少年早上不起床。
19．A.work B．occur
C．last D．matter
答案 D
解析 由下一句“Getting up late isn’t lazy.”可知，这并不要紧(matter)。
20．A.guess B．report
C．consider D．risk
答案 C
解析 由后面的“sleep when our body says it’s tired”可知，我们应该考虑(consider)我们的生物钟告诉我们该做的事情。
