A
Elizabeth Garrett Anderson was born on 9 June,1836，in Whitechapel，East London.She was expected to marry well and live the life of a lady.However，meetings with the feminist(女权主义者) Emily Davies and Elizabeth Blackwell，the first American woman physician，convinced Elizabeth Garrett that she should become a doctor.
This was unheard of at that time and her attempts to study at a number of medical schools were refused.She enrolled(入学) as a nursing student at Middlesex Hospital and attended classes for male doctors，but was driven out after complaints from other students.As the Society of Apothecaries did not specifically forbid women from taking its examinations，in 1865 she passed their exams and gained a certificate which enabled her to become a doctor.The Society then changed its rules to prevent other women entering the profession this way.
In 1866，she set up a clinic for women in London，thanks to her father’s backing；in 1870 she was made a visiting physician to the East London Hospital.There she met James Anderson，a successful businessman，who she married in 1871.
In 1872，Anderson founded the New Hospital for Women in London，staffed entirely by women.She appointed her spiritual guide，Elizabeth Blackwell，as a professor there.
Anderson’s efforts paved the way for other women，and in 1876 an act was passed permitting women to enter the medical professions.In 1883，Anderson was appointed to manage the London School of Medicine for Women，which she had helped to found in 1874.It was the first medical school in Britain to train women as doctors.
Anderson，Britain’s first female doctor，retired in 1902.Six years later，she became the mayor(市长) of Aldeburgh，the first female mayor in England.Anderson died on 17 December,1917.
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语篇解读 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了伊丽莎白·加勒特·安德森是英国第一位女医生，也是英国第一位女市长。
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1．Why did the Society change its rules?
A．To provide certificates for women.
B．To forbid women to take its exams.
C．To offer programs to train women doctors.
D．To encourage women to attend medical schools.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As the Society of Apothecaries did not specifically forbid women from taking its examinations...”和“The Society then changed its rules to prevent other women entering the profession this way.”可推知，该协会修改规定是为了禁止女性参加考试。
2．What was Anderson’s father’s attitude to her career?
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.
C．Sympathetic. D．Critical.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 1866，she set up a clinic for women in London，thanks to her father’s backing”可知，安德森的父亲支持她的事业。
3．What did Anderson do after founding the New Hospital for Women?
A．She married a successful businessman.
B．She started a clinic for women in London.
C．She learned at a hospital as a visiting physician.
D．She helped create a school to train female doctors.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In 1872，Anderson founded the New Hospital for Women in London”和倒数第二段中的“...the London School of Medicine for Women，which she had helped to found in 1874.It was the first medical school in Britain to train women as doctors.”可知，安德森在创立女性新医院之后，又协助创办了一所培训女医生的学校。
