A
(2019·邯郸模拟C)Have you ever noticed tiny raised areas on the branches of a tree？These may have been insects.These small insects feed on tree sap(汁液)．Insects on urban trees are notably more abundant than those on rural trees.As a result，urban trees suffer from heavy infestations(害虫横行)，and are often unhealthy or die.To protect and restore urban trees' health，we need to determine the factors that make these tree pests more successful in urban habitats.
Living organisms interact closely with their environment.The warmer，more drought－stressed trees harbor more successful pests than cooler，less drought－stressed trees.As cities and natural habitats become hotter and drier，damaging insects will become more abundant on urban trees.
Trees within urban forests are valuable economically and for the environmental sustainability(可持续性)of the region.More than half of the world's population lives in cities.Across the globe，people are moving into cities at a faster rate than ever.Rapid growth may turn cities into places with harder conditions.Although cities are primarily made of buildings，roads，parking lots，and vehicles，there are still plants in them.The trees within a city are referred to as the urban forest.Urban forests offer very big benefits to human and environmental health.They improve air and water quality，provide habitat for wildlife，cool down temperatures and beautify our environment.They make cities livable.
However，being a city tree is not easy.Heat released by human activities is trapped in cities.As a result，temperatures in urban areas are often warmer than their surrounding rural areas.We call this urban warming or the urban heat island effect.Urban habitats are mostly made of surfaces of asphalt(沥青)and concrete.These surfaces reduce the amount of rainwater that reaches tree roots.As a result，urban forests may suffer，which can negatively affect people and the environment.
What can we do to restore urban forests？Regular irrigation when possible may help keep pest populations under control.Planting tree species that are suitable to handle heat and drought stress would also reduce the occurrence of insect pest outbreaks.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了城市中的森林使城市宜居，但是人类的活动对城市的树木产生了极大的影响，所以我们应该为保护城市树木采取行动。
1．What makes tree pests more successful in the city than in rural areas?
A．The warmer and rainy habitat.
B．The hotter and drier habitat.
C．The cooler and drier habitat.
D．The hotter and rainy habitat.
【答案】 B 细节理解题。根据第二段As cities and natural habitats become hotter and drier，damaging insects will become more abundant on urban trees.可知，使城市中的害虫比农村地区更多的原因是越来越热和干燥的栖息地。故选B。
2．Urban forests make cities livable by ________.
A．providing people enough clean water
B．improving the living environment
C．offering people economic benefits
D．lowering the temperatures
【答案】 B 细节理解题。根据第三段They improve air and water quality，provide habitat for wildlife，cool down temperatures and beautify our environment.They make cities livable.可知，要通过改善居住环境使城市森林使城市宜居。故选B。
3．According to the text，what results in the city trees' suffering?
A．Natural disasters. B．Invisible forces.
C．Human activities. D．Natural evolution.
【答案】 C 细节理解题。根据第三段主要讲了人类的活动对城市的树木产生了极大的影响，因此，城市森林可能受到损害，这也可能对人和环境产生不利影响。故选C。
4．What would be the best title for the text?
A．The Importance of the Urban Trees
B．How to Protect the Urban Trees
C．Urban Trees Are in Great Danger
D．Let's Act for the Protection of Urban Trees
【答案】 D 标题判断题。本文主要介绍了城市中的森林使城市宜居，但是人类的活动对城市的树木产生了极大的影响，所以我们应该为保护城市树木采取行动。故选D。
