A
(2019·长沙检测)We talk about people being“colourblind”but very few of us are.Even those who describe themselves as colourblind are normally just colour deficient.A strongly colourblind person will still be able to tell 20 different colours，compared to the 100 or so that normalsighted people see.
Pingelap，a tiny island in the Pacific，is a beautiful spot but one that has a genetic trouble.It is known as Colourblind Island because so many people who live on this remote island can only see in black and white.
Not being able to see in colour is bad enough.But one islander，Herrol，who's a fisherman，also struggles in full sunlight because all he sees is a painful burntout image.“I find it difficult to go outside in the sun，”he says，“because when it's sunny I cannot see to do my work.”
But if being truly colourblind is rare，why is it that around 10% of the population of Pingelap live in a totally black and white world?
Well，we know that in 1780 the population of Pingelap was all but wiped out by a tsunami(海啸)．As few as 20 people survived，one of whom was the king.It's believed he had a genetic fault that causes colourblindness and he passed this fault on to his many generations.
There is one advantage.Herrol can see well，really well，in the dark.So when it gets dark，Herrol and his friends get in their boats and hunt flying fish.They hang up flaming torches and the flying fish are attracted to the flames.“This type of fishing is fun，”Herrol says，“especially if we catch plenty.So even though it's hard work we enjoy it.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了色盲岛——Pingelap岛，以及该岛上居民色盲的原因、情况等。
1．What is Pingelap famous as?
A．A tiny island.
B．A beautiful island.
C．A mentally troubled island.
D．A colourblind island.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“It is known as Colourblind Island because so many people who live on this remote island can only see in black and white”可知，Pingelap岛因被称为色盲岛而出名，故D项正确。]
2．What can we infer about Herrol?
A．He may stay at home when it's sunny.
B．He is interested in burntout images.
C．He likes taking photos very much.
D．He doesn't live in Pingelap any more.
A [推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句中的“I find it difficult to go outside in the sun...because when it's sunny I cannot see to do my work”可知，他发现在阳光下无法看东西，所以无法工作；据此可以判断，阳光充足时他可能会待在家里面，故A项正确。]
3．Why are about onetenth of people in Pingelap colourblind?
A．Because Pingelap often suffers from tsunamis.
B．Because the king had an unlucky marriage.
C．Because the king's genetic fault played a role.
D．Because the king made a serious mistake.
C [细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“It's believed he had a genetic fault that causes colourblindness and he passed this fault on to his many generations”可知，该岛的国王有导致色盲的基因，这是一种基因缺陷，他将这一基因传给了后代，所以岛上的很多人是色盲，故C项正确。]
4．What would be the best title for the text?
A．The Island of ColourBlindness
B．The Disadvantage of Herrol
C．The History of Pingelap
D．The Advantage of ColourBlindness
A [标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了色盲岛——Pingelap岛，故A项正确。]
