Most damagingly, anger weakens a person's ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger.
Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another.The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultaral forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels(决斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person's awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another.
Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG (脑电图) measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal (额叶前部) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition （意向）that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren't balanced and. as a result of this, we're likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative.
Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to this pattern. The angrier we are. the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry (不对称 ) of EEG activity. Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy (同感) towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring sitaation.
61. The "duels" example in Paragraph 2 proves that the expression of anger .
A. usually has a biological basis B. varies among people
C. is socially and culturally shaped D. influences one's thinking and evaluation
62. What changes can be found in an angry brain?
A. Balanced electrical activity can be spotted.
B. Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas.
C. Electrical activity corresponds to one's behaviour.
D. Electrical activity agrees with one's disposition.
63. Which of the following is typical of offensive anger?
A. Approaching the source of anger. B. Trying to control what is disliked.
C. Moving away from what is disliked. D. Feeling helpless in the face of anger.
64. What is the key message of the last paragraph?
A. How anger differs from other emotions. B. How anger relates to other emotions.
C. Behavioural responses to anger. D. Behavioural patterns of anger.
【考点】考察科普知识类阅读
【文章大意】本文介绍了一些与愤怒有关的表现以及医学原理和人们生气的时候表现出的行为模式。
61. 【答案】C
推理题。根据文章第二段In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated.在当代社会里，愤怒的肢体表现被认为是对社会有伤害而不能被容忍。但是在古代却又着决斗这样的行为，说明愤怒的表现形式是由不同的社会和文化形成的。故C正确。
62. 【答案】B
细节题。根据第三段3,4行But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren't balanced可知当我们生气的时候，脑电图在额叶前部会出现不平衡的现象。故B正确。
63. 【答案】A
细节题。根据文章第四段3,4,5行The angrier we are. the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. 可知当我们生气的时候，我们很可能靠近让我们生气的对象。这是典型的offensive anger的表现。故A正确。
64. 【答案】D
段落大意题。根据本段1,2行Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour
及Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour中的approach behaviour和avoidance behaviour可知本段讲述的是愤怒的时候，人们表现出的行为模式。故D正确。
